FAQs

In Sri Lanka, the electrical plugs and sockets commonly used are Type D, Type G, and Type M. What sort of plugs are in Sri Lanka? Type D (3-pin, obsolete British BS 546) It is to be found in older buildings and some hotels with three round pins arranged in a triangular shape. 5 amps rated. It is identical to the plugs in India and Nepal. Type G (3-pin, British BS 1363) This is the British type plug, or as it is known, the "square pin" plug, rated three rectangular blades in a triangular format and a grounding pin, which the Sri Lankan government is trying to make its national standard. The most widespread in contemporary buildings, hotels, and cities. It is identical to the plug type used in the UK. 13-amp rated. Type M (an enlarged Type D) Sometimes applied to heavy-load appliances such as air conditioners, having three round pins, but larger than Type D. 15-amp rated. Type M is comparatively rare, but is similar to Type D, except much larger pins. This can be found, occasionally, in older buildings. What Is the Voltage and Frequency in Sri Lanka? Voltage: 230V Frequency: 50Hz If you are a citizen of a country that uses 220-240V (UK, Australia, most of Europe), you won't need a voltage converter. When you are coming to a country with a lower voltage (such as the United States, Canada, and Japan, which use 110-120V), a voltage converter is needed to prevent damaging the appliances, such as hair dryers or straighteners. The vast majority of the modern electronics, i.e., laptops, phone chargers, etc., are dual voltage (100V-240V) and will operate perfectly with a simple plug adapter. Usage Notes: Type G is increasingly standard, especially in newer establishments, but Type D is still common in rural or older areas. Some outlets are multi-type, accepting both D and G plugs. Travel Tip- What to Carry - Provided your device is of a different plug-type or voltage (i.e., Type A or C in other parts of the world), you will require a plug adapter and perhaps a voltage converter to make your device work in Sri Lanka. - Sensitive electronics should use a surge protector because of the power variation that may occur occasionally. - It is important to verify the type of plug used in the particular accommodation or area, since they may differ in remote areas. The most appropriate idea is to pack a universal travel adapter in order to be completely prepared to travel to Sri Lanka. It will also give you a plug to fit all three kinds of sockets, and also spare you the inconvenience of finding a suitable adapter.

The 3 biggest cities in Sri Lanka, as per population and urban significance rank are: Sri Lanka has the top 3 biggest cities 1. Colombo Status: Business capital and the biggest city Population: ~750,000 (city proper); more than 2 million in the metro area Where: Western Province, along the Indian Ocean coast Highlights: The largest city and commercial capital is on the west coast and is the city of port, colonial architecture, and the vibrant life of the big city. Large economic and port city Contemporary skyline, colonial design What to see: Galle Face Green, Gangaramaya Temple, Colombo National Museum 2. Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia Population: ~250,000 Where: South of Colombo and within the Colombo metropolitan region Highlights: City and suburban area Mount Lavinia Beach is famous Zoological gardens, colonial charm, suburban feel 3. Moratuwa Population: ~ 185,000 Where: It is on the west coast, lying south of Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia and the Colombo Metropolitan Area. Highlights: It is a large industrial and residential region that has a population of about 185,000. List of the largest cities in Sri Lanka by Population City Population Colombo 648,034 Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia 219,827 Moratuwa 185,031 Jaffna 169,102 Negombo 137,223 Pita Kotte 118,179 Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte 115,826 Kandy 111,701 Trincomalee 108,420 Kalmunai 100,171 Galle, Jaffna, and Negombo are also among the notable cities by population and regional importance. The three largest cities in Sri Lanka are Colombo, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia, and Moratuwa, provide an ideal combination of modern developments, culture, and nature. Whether you are in the hectic city of Colombo, on the relaxing beach of Dehiwala, or in the historical city of Moratuwa, each city has its own flavor.

Due to the monsoon climate of monsoons, Sri Lanka has two rainy seasons. Depending on the region, the time, and the intensity differs: South West Monsoon (Yala Season) Season: May- August. The heaviest rainfall is experienced in May and June with heavy downpours and even floods. Areas of Impact: The greatest amount of rain falls on the Southwest coast and central highlands (e.g., Colombo, Galle, Kandy, Nuwara Eliya), with the hill country experiencing wet weather, although not as heavy. Weather: Rainy weather, green vegetation, and low temperatures in the mountains Good to go to: North and east (dry during the time). North East Monsoon (Maha Season) Season: October- January, the rainiest months are November and December. Regions Involved: The east coast and northern regions (e.g., Trincomalee, Batticaloa, Jaffna) Weather: Violent spells of rain, particularly on the coast and lowlands Ideal when traveling to the southwest & hill country (dry and pleasant). Inter-Monsoon Periods (Short Rainy) March to April: The initial inter-monsoon also has uneven showers and humidity throughout the island, although not as extreme. October-November: This is also the second inter-monsoon, which is quite rainy all across the country, and showers and thunderstorms can be unpredictable and heavy. Travel Tip - Sri Lanka: Best Time to Visit The country is also characterized by two monsoon seasons, meaning that it may be pouring heavily in one region of the country while it is sunny and dry in another region. This qualifies Sri Lanka as an excellent destination all year round, with some form of planning of your trip. - When to visit this country really depends on what area of the country you want to visit: Southwest and central (such as Bentota or Mirissa): January-April (dry season), the southwest and central areas are dry and sunny. The northeast and east (such as Arugam Bay): April-September (dry season), when this part of the country is in its dry season. - The most favorable period for visiting is January-April because the weather is warm and sunny. - It is important to note that you will always anticipate some rain, especially in the highlands, and look at the local forecasts as you approach your trip. - During the rainy season in Sri Lanka, showers are often brief and heavy, typically in the afternoon or evening. Mornings are usually clearer, making it possible to enjoy sightseeing even in monsoon months. Briefly put, you can always find a section of Sri Lanka with excellent weather conditions, and you can then plan your visit to get the sun at any time of the year.

Sri Lanka has two capitals with distinct roles: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official legislative capital, where the Parliament of Sri Lanka is located. Colombo remains the de facto center for executive, judicial, commercial, and diplomatic activities. Official Capital (Administrative) In 1977, the government decided to move the capital from Colombo to Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. The new Parliament building was inaugurated in 1982, marking its official designation as the capital, to relieve congestion in Colombo. The "new" capital is Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, is the house of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and other government institutions. Commercial Capital Colombo is the executive and judicial capital, as well as the largest city and the main hub for business, tourism, and international diplomacy. While many government functions have moved to Kotte, Colombo hosts most embassies, corporations, and cultural institutions. Why does Sri Lanka have Two Capitals? This dual-capital system was introduced to decentralize administration and reduce congestion in Colombo. While Kotte officially became the capital in 1982 (with parliamentary sessions beginning in the new building that year), Colombo continues to function as the practical capital in many respects, especially in business and diplomacy. Technically, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official capital. But Colombo is often referred to as the "real" capital due to its economic dominance, international recognition, and urban prominence. Facts about the Historic Capitals of Sri Lanka Below is a list of the old capitals of Sri Lanka: Historical Period Capital City Notes Ancient (4th century BC–11th century AD) Anuradhapura First major capital; center of Buddhism and monarchy Medieval (11th–13th century) Polonnaruwa Followed Anuradhapura, known for its advanced irrigation and architecture Late Medieval (14th–16th century) Kotte Capital of the Kingdom of Kotte; now part of the modern capital Colonial (1815–1948) Colombo Capital under British rule; retained after independence until 1982 So, while Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official administrative and legislative capital, Colombo still holds significant importance as the commercial and judicial capital, and is often the city most tourists and international visitors associate with "the capital" due to its size and economic activity.

Nanu Oya (නනු ඔය) is a small town in Sri Lanka's Nuwara Eliya District,  just 8 km from Nuwara Eliya, often referred to as “Little England.”. It is known primarily for its railway station, which acts as a key gateway for travelers heading to Nuwara Eliya and the surrounding tea plantation areas. Quick Keys About Nanu Oya 1. Where is Nanu Oya Located Nanu Oya is nestled amidst lush tea plantations and misty hills in the Nuwara Eliya District of the Central Province. It's located just about 8 kilometers (5 miles) from Nuwara Eliya, making it the primary train station serving this popular tourist destination. 2. Why is Nanu Oya Famous? Train Station A key stop on Sri Lanka’s Main Line railway, connecting Colombo to Badulla Famous for the Kandy–Nanu Oya–Ella train ride, one of the most scenic rail journeys in the world. Gateway to Nuwara Eliya Nanu Oya serves as the closest station to Nuwara Eliya, just 8 km away, with taxis and tuk-tuks available for the final leg. From Nanu Oya, you can take a taxi or tuk-tuk to Nuwara Eliya (15-20 mins). 3. Famous Things to Do & See in Nanu Oya Nanu Oya River: Originates from Pidurutalagala, Sri Lanka’s highest peak, and flows into the Kotmale Oya. Glassaugh Falls (Nanu Oya Waterfall): A ~60 m cascading waterfall of 25 steps, visible from the main road or reachable with a short walk (~1–1.5 km) from town or station. Colonial charm & hiking: The area features colonial-era buildings and scenic walking trails beneath bridges and through tea fields. Tea plantations: Ideal for walks and photography, with panoramic views and fresh mountain air. Near Nanu Oya Visit Nuwara Eliya – Explore tea estates (Pedro Tea Factory), Gregory Lake, and colonial buildings. Horton Plains & World’s End – A stunning trekking spot (~1.5-hour drive). Ride the Kandy-Ella Train – The stretch from Nanu Oya to Ella offers breathtaking hill country views. Travel Tips for Nanu Oya Best Time to Visit: Dec-May (dry season), but April is great for Nuwara Eliya’s flower festivals. Book Train Tickets in Advance: Especially for popular classes like 1st Class Observation Car or 2nd Class Reserved, train tickets on the Main Line (including to/from Nanu Oya) sell out quickly. Book them online or through a local agent well in advance. Sit on the Right Side (Colombo to Nanu Oya): For the best views of mountains and valleys when traveling from Colombo/Kandy towards Nanu Oya. Sit on the Left Side (Nanu Oya to Ella/Badulla): For equally stunning views if continuing your journey further into the highlands. Dress warmly: Especially if traveling during the cooler months or early morning/late evening. In essence, Nanu Oya serves as a charming and essential transport hub for those wishing to immerse themselves in the stunning beauty of Sri Lanka's tea country.

The Kataragama Perahera  (also called the Kataragama Esala Festival) takes place annually in Kataragama, a multi-religious pilgrimage town in the deep south of Sri Lanka. The festival honors God Kataragama (Lord Skanda or Murugan), the Hindu god of war and wisdom, revered by people of various faiths across Sri Lanka. Here are key facts about the Kataragama Perahera festival: What Is the Kataragama Perahera? Type: Religious and cultural procession. Honoring: Lord Kataragama (also known as Murugan in Tamil Hinduism). Date: Held in July or August during the Esala full moon (coincides with Esala Perahera in Kandy). Duration: Around 2 weeks, culminating in the Esala full moon night, with the grandest processions in the final week. The grandest procession takes place on Esala Poya night, the full moon day, marking the climax of the Kataragama festival. Location: Kataragama town, Monaragala District, Uva Province, Sri Lanka. What Happens During the Festival - Highlights of the Festival Fire Walking Ceremony: Devotees walk barefoot over glowing embers as an act of penance and devotion. The fire walking ritual takes place at the Menik Ganga, usually immediately after the main Perahera, marking the close of the festival. Pada Yatra: An ancient pilgrimage route where devotees walk for weeks across the island, especially from Jaffna and eastern provinces, to reach Kataragama in time for the festival. Elephant Processions: Majestic tuskers parade carrying sacred emblems of Lord Kataragama, rather than relics. Piercing Rituals (Kavadi Attam): Devotees pierce cheeks/tongues with skewers in trance-like devotion. Water Cutting Ceremony (Diya Kepeema): Held at the Menik Ganga (River) to bless the land. Kavadi dancers: Devotees dancing with decorated arches on their shoulders. It is a symbolic burden of penance, involving peacock-feathered structures carried on the shoulders. Pilgrimages: Thousands of devotees walk for days from places like Jaffna or Batticaloa to Kataragama, barefoot and fasting. The pilgrimage path is known as the Pada Yatra, an ancient tradition. The Kataragama Perahera festival is one of Sri Lanka’s most emotionally charged festivals. It offers a raw, authentic spiritual experience, especially for those who want to witness ancient traditions still practiced with deep conviction.

Sri Lanka has a total land area of approximately 65,610 square kilometers (25,330 square miles). The island stretches roughly 435 km (270 miles) from north to south and about 240 km (150 miles) from east to west. It also has a coastline that extends approximately 1,340 kilometers (830 miles). The island comprises the main landmass plus dozens of smaller offshore islands contributing to the total area. Additionally, the highest point in Sri Lanka is Pidurutalagala, which rises to 2,524 meters (8,281 feet) above sea level. Size of Sri Lanka in Miles Measurement Details Total Area 65,610 km² (≈ 25,330 square miles) Length (N–S) About 445 km (277 miles) Width (E–W) About 225 km (140 miles) Coastline Around 1,340 km (833 miles) Is Sri Lanka a Big or Small Country? Sri Lanka is considered a small-to-medium-sized country by global standards. It ranks around 120th in the world by area. It's certainly not one of the smallest countries in the world (like Vatican City or Monaco), but it's also far from being a large country. Sri Lanka Compared To Other Countries To put its size into perspective, Sri Lanka is: Roughly comparable in size to the state of West Virginia in the United States. Smaller than countries like Ireland or Tasmania (Australia) Larger than countries like Bhutan, Israel, or Denmark (excluding Greenland) Comparisons with neighboring countries Vs. India: ~1/50th the size of India (3.287 million km²) Vs. Maldives: ~220 times larger than the Maldives (297,8 km²) Despite its relatively small landmass, Sri Lanka boasts an incredible diversity of landscapes with 8 UNESCO sites. Sri Lanka features beaches, rainforests, tea plantations, highlands, ancient cities, and national parks — all within just a few hours' travel.

Sri Lanka's national dish is Rice and Curry. It's not just a meal—it’s a daily ritual, a cultural symbol, and a flavorful feast that reflects the island’s rich culinary heritage. What Is Rice and Curry? Base: Steaming hot, fluffy rice (often a local variety like red rice or Samba rice) forms the foundation. Accompaniments: A typical "Rice and Curry" meal will feature several small, distinct curries. A variety of curries—typically 3 to 5—including: Meat or fish curry: Often a robustly spiced chicken, fish (especially tuna or mackerel), or sometimes beef or goat curry. Vegetable curries: A diverse range of vegetable curries, which can change daily based on seasonality. Common options include pumpkin, brinjal (eggplant), moju (a sweet and sour relish), potato, jackfruit, or green bean curries. Lentil curry (called parippu): A creamy, spiced lentil curry, often made with coconut milk. It's almost always present. Other Accompaniments: Pol Sambol: A fiery, fresh relish made from grated coconut, chili, onions, and lime juice. It adds a crucial burst of fresh flavor and heat. Papadums: Crispy, thin lentil or rice wafers. Achcharu (Pickles) & Chutneys: Tangy or sweet condiments. Mallum: Chopped green leaves often mixed with coconut. Signature Flavors - Heavy use of coconut milk, spices, and herbs like curry leaves, pandan, and lemongrass. - Often includes Maldives fish for umami depth. - Can be vegetarian or non-vegetarian, depending on region and occasion. Why is it the Sri Lanka National Dish? Rice and Curry is a daily staple in Sri Lankan households. It represents hospitality, generosity, and the island's rich agricultural bounty and spice heritage. Rice and Curry is served at weddings, festivals, and family gatherings. Eating it with your hands, mixing the different curries with your rice, is part of the authentic experience. Other Iconic Sri Lankan Dishes Kottu Roti (chopped flatbread stir-fry with veggies/meat). Hoppers (Appa) (bowl-shaped coconut milk pancakes). String Hoppers (Idiyappam) (steamed rice noodle nests). Lamprais (Dutch-influenced baked rice & meat parcel).

No, holidays to Sri Lanka can be relatively affordable, especially compared to many Western destinations or other popular island nations in the Indian Ocean. However, like any travel destination, the overall cost heavily depends on your travel style, season, and preferences. Why is Sri Lanka Often Budget-Friendly? Here's a breakdown of what influences the cost of a holiday to Sri Lanka: Accommodation: Ranges from $10–$30 per night for guesthouses or homestays to $100+ for luxury resorts. Food & Drink: Local meals can cost as little as $1–$3; even mid-range restaurants are usually under $10 per meal. Transport: Buses and trains are very cheap ($0.50–$3 per trip), and tuk-tuks are affordable for short distances. Attractions: Activities & entrance fees for tourists are cheap. Many cultural sites charge $10–$30 for entry, but beaches, temples, and nature are often free or low-cost. Flights: From Europe/US: Round-trip flights typically range from $600–$1,200, depending on the season (peak: Dec–Mar). From Asia/Middle East: Much cheaper (e.g., $200–$500 from India or Dubai). Visa fees: ETA (Electronic Travel Authorization): from $59/person for 30 days (apply online). When Is Sri Lanka Expensive for Vacation? Luxury Resorts: Beachfront villas or 5-star hotels can cost $150–$500 per night. Private Tours: Hiring a car and driver or booking guided safaris can add up. Peak Seasons: Prices rise from December to March and July to August, especially in coastal areas. Flights: International airfare to Sri Lanka can vary depending on your departure city and season. Estimated Total Cost per Person Travel Style Daily Budget Estimates Typical Costs Budget traveler $30–$50/day Hostels, local food, buses Mid-range $70–$150/day Hotels, private transport, tours Luxury < $200+/day 5-star stays, fine dining, private guides Holidays to Sri Lanka are not inherently expensive, especially if you are mindful of your budget and choose local options for food and transport. You can explore ancient ruins, lush tea hills, wildlife safaris, and tropical beaches without breaking the bank.

One of the most picturesque train rides in the world runs through the hill country of Sri Lanka, and in the heart of it is one of the most renowned architectural wonders ever constructed in the teardrop: The Nine Arches Bridge or the Bridge in the Sky. Another tourist spot that should not be missed in Sri Lanka is the famous Nine Arch Bridge. What is the Nine Arches Bridge? The Bridge in the Sky is a colonial viaduct (also known as the Nine Arches Bridge) that connects the Ella and Demodara stations. This structure was completed in 1921 and is a feat of engineering, built using stone, brick, and cement, with no steel. Length: 91 m Height: 24 m Arches: 9 Location: Sri Lanka, near Ella Best viewing point: Viewpoint Ella-side, looking down the tracks Why is the Nine Arch Bridge so popular? Stunning Scenery: Surrounded by tea plantations and dense jungle, the bridge-in-the-sky is another of the most photographed places in Sri Lanka, particularly at sunrise. Cultural Significance: It is also one of the most iconic features of the spectacular Kandy-Ella train route, which stands as a proud testimony to colonial history and the remarkable construct that the hill country of Sri Lanka is. Instagram Popularity: Its blue trains passing through are what make this cloud-catching wonder a social media hit, but beware when you whip out your camera. Why visit the Nine Arch Bridge? This bridge is not just a photo spot; it’s a destination that comes with its own combination of nature, heritage, and local life. Even better transportation is the cost-effective and scenic Kandy to Ella Train (unofficially rated the most beautiful train journey in the world), with its panoramic mountain views, fresh air, and real interaction with locals. The bridge and the journey can yield unforgettable memories for a photographer or a vacationer. How to Get to the Nine Arches Bridge By Train: Take the Kandy–Ella train, then walk roughly 30 minutes from Ella Station to the bridge. By Tuk-Tuk: An easy, cheap ride from Ella town. When to Go: 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning and 4:00 to 6:00 in the evening — great for photos and watching a train go by. Other Notable Train Bridges in Sri Lanka Demodara Loop: An exceptional spiral in the railway track where the line loops under itself. Bogoda Wooden Bridge: This ancient wooden bridge, which one can find near Badulla, lies on the route taken by the former Jaffna-Kataragama railway line, and is of interest from a historical perspective, though it is no longer in use by trains. Read more: Top 4 famous train rides in Sri Lanka Conclusion The Nine Arches Bridge is, undoubtedly, the most well-known railway bridge in Sri Lanka. One of the most famous symbols of colonial craftsmanship and natural beauty, it’s a must-see on the itinerary of any visitor to the island’s central highlands. Make sure to plan your visit carefully, and don’t leave your camera at home.