All About The Gems in Sri Lanka - A Glittering Legacy

Sri Lanka, often referred to as the "Gem Island" or "Ratna-Dweepa," boasts a rich history and a diverse array of gemstones. The island's geological makeup, primarily consisting of ancient Precambrian rocks, has made it a treasure trove for gem enthusiasts and jewelers alike. Over the centuries, Sri Lanka has produced some of the world's most renowned gemstones, including sapphires, rubies, and unique varieties like padparadscha and alexandrite.

This article will explore the most famous gems in Sri Lanka and the cultural significance of gemstones in Sri Lanka.

Historical Context of Gem in Sri Lanka

The history of gem mining in Sri Lanka is as ancient as the island itself. Historical records suggest that gems in Sri Lanka were traded in the markets of ancient Rome, Egypt, and China. The island was known to explorers and traders as "Ratnadeepa" or "Island of Jewels."

The famed explorer Marco Polo once remarked on the abundance and quality of Sri Lankan gemstones, and Ibn Battuta, the Moroccan traveler, also documented the splendor of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) gems in his travels.

The name "Ratna-Dweepa," which translates to "Gem Island," is a testament to the natural wealth of Sri Lanka. This name has been used for centuries and reflects the island's reputation as a source of precious stones. The term "Serendib," used by Middle Eastern and Persian traders, further emphasizes the island's historical significance in the gem trade during the 4th and 5th centuries.

Most gems in Sri Lanka can be sold to travelers

Geological Formation

Sri Lanka's geological composition plays a crucial role in its status as a gem-producing nation. The island is primarily made up of ancient Precambrian rocks, with about 90% of its geological formations dating back 560 to 2,400 million years. These rocks are rich in gem-bearing minerals such as corundum, chrysoberyl, and spinel. The central highlands, particularly the areas around Ratnapura, which means "City of Gems," are the most prolific gem-bearing regions.

The central high-grade metamorphic terrain of the Highland Complex is particularly rich in gem deposits. It is estimated that approximately 25% of Sri Lanka's land area is potentially gem-bearing, making it one of the highest densities of gem deposits relative to landmass in the world. The most notable gem-producing region is Ratnapura, which translates to "city of gems," highlighting its significance in the gem industry.

Types of Gems in Sri lanka

Sri Lanka is renowned for its wide variety of gemstones, including some of the world's most coveted and rare stones.

Sapphire

Sri Lanka is globally famous for its sapphires, particularly the vibrant blue Ceylon sapphire. These stones are known for their exceptional clarity and deep blue hue. The world's largest blue sapphire, the "Blue Belle of Asia," was discovered in Sri Lanka. Sapphires from the island are also found in colors such as yellow, pink, green, and white, with the pinkish-orange Padparadscha sapphire being especially rare and valuable.

Notable Examples:

• The Giant of the Orient: Discovered in 1902, this sapphire weighed over 600 carats in its rough form and was cut to 466 carats. It is known for its deep blue color and is currently in private ownership after a series of auctions.

• Logan Sapphire: Weighing 423 carats, this cushion-cut sapphire is displayed at the Smithsonian Institution and is renowned for its natural color and clarity.

• Star of Adam: A 98.6-carat cornflower-blue sapphire, it is celebrated for its exceptional clarity and was gifted to Countess Mona von Bismarck.

Blue Sapphire

Ruby

Though less common than sapphires, rubies from Sri Lanka are highly prized for their rich, red color and exceptional quality. These stones, often referred to as "Ceylon Rubies," are sought after by collectors and jewelers worldwide.

Rosser Reeves Star Ruby is one of the most celebrated gems in Sri Lanka. It weighs 138.7 carats, is one of the largest and finest star rubies in the world, known for its deep red color and striking star effect.

Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl

Sri Lanka is one of the leading sources of cat's eye chrysoberyl, a gemstone known for its unique optical phenomenon called chatoyancy, which resembles the slit-eye of a cat. These gems are often found in shades of honey-yellow to green.

Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl

Alexandrite

Alexandrite is a rare and highly valuable gemstone known for its remarkable color-changing properties, appearing green in daylight and red under incandescent light. This exceptional gem is found in the highlands of Sri Lanka, where the unique geological conditions favor its formation. Alexandrite's rarity and stunning visual appeal make it highly prized among gem collectors and jewelry enthusiasts. Its presence in Sri Lanka underscores the island's reputation as a treasure trove of some of the world's most precious and extraordinary gemstones.

Spinel

Spinel is another gemstone found in Sri Lanka, often mistaken for ruby due to its red variety. Spinels can also be found in a range of colors, including blue, pink, and purple. Sri Lankan spinel is prized for its excellent clarity, brilliance, and durability, making it a popular choice among gem collectors and jewelers. The mining regions of Sri Lanka, especially around the Ratnapura area, yield high-quality spinel crystals that are sought after in global markets.

Spinel

Topaz

Sri Lanka produces topaz in various colors, with the most prized being the blue and pink varieties. These stones are known for their clarity and brilliance. Sri Lankan topaz is known for its exceptional quality and is available in various hues, including blue, pink, yellow, and colorless varieties. The blue topaz, often enhanced through heat treatment to achieve its vivid color, is especially popular in the jewelry market.

Garnet

Sri Lankan garnets come in a variety of hues, including deep reds, vibrant oranges, lush greens, and even rare and exquisite color-changing varieties. Among these, the hessonite garnet, also known as the "cinnamon stone" for its warm, brownish-orange color, is particularly prominent and highly prized.

Garnets hold a special place in Sri Lankan culture and tradition. They are often used in various forms of jewelry, including rings, necklaces, and bracelets, and are believed to bring strength, protection, and stability to the wearer. Additionally, garnets are associated with various astrological benefits, enhancing their significance and value in local traditions.

Garnet

Gems in Sri Lanka With Prices

These gems vary significantly in price based on factors such as rarity, size, color, clarity, and overall quality. Here’s an overview of some of the key gems in Sri Lanka and their approximate price ranges:

• Blue Sapphire: $200 to $15,000+ per carat

• Padparadscha Sapphire: $2,000 to $30,000+ per carat

• Ruby: $500 to $10,000+ per carat

• Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl: $100 to $7,000+ per carat

• Alexandrite: $2,000 to $15,000+ per carat

• Spinel: $200 to $3,000+ per carat

• Topaz: $25 to $500+ per carat

• Garnet: $20 to $300+ per carat

Buying Tips of Gems for Sale in Sri Lanka

• Always buy from reputable dealers and request certification from recognized gemological laboratories to ensure authenticity.

• How to identify authentic gems: Identifying authentic gemstones involves several key steps. First, visually inspect the gem for color consistency and saturation, ensuring there are no visible zones or patches. Check clarity using a magnifying glass or jeweler’s loupe to look for natural inclusions and blemishes, which are common in genuine stones.

• Some trusted places to buy gems in Sri Lanka are Colombo Jewellery Stores, Mallika Hemachandra Jewellers, Raja Jewellers, Premadasa & Co., etc.

• When buying gemstones in Sri Lanka, start by researching current market prices and comparing offers from multiple dealers. Begin negotiations with a lower offer, gradually increasing while maintaining flexibility.

• Remember to buy from reputable dealers, obtain a detailed receipt, and avoid unverified street vendors to ensure you purchase authentic, high-quality gemstones.

Find a reputable store to buy gems in Sri Lanka

Popular Gem-related Activities For Tourist

Sri Lanka's reputation as a treasure trove of gems has fostered a variety of gem-related tourist activities that attract visitors from around the world. These activities offer unique insights into the island's rich gemological heritage and provide hands-on experiences for those interested in the fascinating world of gemstones.

Visiting gem mines and museums

One of the most immersive experiences for tourists is visiting a gem mine. These tours typically take place in the Ratnapura region, known as the "City of Gems." Visitors can witness the traditional mining techniques used to extract gemstones from the earth.

Moreover, you can visit Gem museums that offer a comprehensive overview of Sri Lanka’s gem industry, showcasing a wide array of gemstones, from rough stones to beautifully cut and polished pieces.

Popular Museums:

• National Gem and Jewellery Authority Museum in Colombo: Features an extensive collection of Sri Lankan gemstones and information on their history and significance.

• Gem Museum in Ratnapura: Displays include precious stones, mining artifacts, and educational exhibits on gemology.

Workshops and experiences for tourists

In Sri Lanka, Gem Cutting and Polishing Workshops are the most popular activities that are chosen by tourists. These workshops provide tourists with a hands-on experience of transforming rough stones into sparkling gems. Participating in gem-related workshops in Sri Lanka offers an immersive and educational experience. Tourists can begin by learning about different types of gemstones, and gaining insights into their unique properties, origins, and the factors that contribute to their value. The workshops often include demonstrations where visitors can watch skilled craftsmen cut and polish stones, showcasing the meticulous process that transforms rough gems into sparkling treasures.

Conclusion

Sri Lanka's gemstones are not only a testament to the island's rich geological heritage but also a vital part of its cultural and economic fabric. From the ancient trade routes to the modern jewelry markets, Sri Lankan gems have captivated the world with their beauty and quality. As the industry faces the challenges of sustainability and ethical sourcing, there is a growing recognition of the need to balance economic growth with environmental conservation and community well-being. By embracing sustainable practices and ethical standards, gems in Sri Lanka can continue to shine as a beacon of the gem industry, preserving its glittering legacy for future generations. Apply for a Sri Lanka e-visa now and Start Your Gem Adventure Today. With our support, travelers definitely get an e-visa within a few days. Let’s travel!